*친황다오 해변 재생 프로젝트 [ Turenscape ] The Qinhuangdao Beach Restoration

인간의 욕심으로 인한 무분별한 개발은 자연을 홰손합니다.
그 자연은 언젠가 우리에게 다시 복수를 시작하겠죠...
중국 보해바다에 면하고 있는 관광도시 친황다오시의 해변은
무분별한 개발으로 인하여 해안선을 따라 형성된 생태학적 환경이 심각하게 손상을 입게 되었습니다.
구불구불한 자연스러운 해안선을 따라 형성된 습지와 모래둔덕은
해안식생을 보호하고 생태환경을 이루는 근간을 만들어 냅니다.
이러한 자연의 순환구조를 무시하는 콘크리트 제방과 획일화된 개발은 해안선의 습지와
모래둔덕을 손상시키며 이에 연계된 생태환경을
순차적으로 파괴하는 결과를 초래하였습니다.

친황다오 해변 재생 프로젝트는 잃어버린 자연을 다시 찾아
이곳을 찾는 관광객들과 주민들에게 아름다운 자연환경을 되돌려주는
목표로 진행됩니다.

3개의 구역으로 나누어 재생프로그램을 실행합니다.
먼저 1구역에서는 5킬로미터에 걸친 해안선을 복구합니다.
해풍과 염분에 강한 식물을 식생하는 동시에 모래둔덕을 설치 그리고
설치된 둔덕위에 관광객들과 주민들을 위한 산책로를 설치합니다.

두번째 2구역의 습지지대를 복원합니다.
국가에서 지정하는 조류보호지역은 테마파크로 바뀐 후
생태환경은 파괴되고 홰손되어 쓰레기 잔해만 존재하는 곳으로 변화하였습니다.
이곳에 예전 생태환경을 복원하는 첫걸음으로 버플형태의
아일랜드를 형성하여 육지와 바다의 중간계를 구축합니다.
이러한 버블형태는 우수를 저장하여 식물들이 자라나는 환경을 구축하는 동시에
자연스럽게 습지가 조성되도록 도와줍니다.

세번째, 3구역의 생태루프를 구성합니다.
프로젝트의 맨 동측에 위치하여 복구된 해안선과 습지를 연결하여 순환시키는
생태사이클을 구축합니다.

이러한 환경운동은 그동안 우리가 경제발전이라는 미명아래에 자행해 온 여러가지
사업의 실수들을 만회하며 우리가 잃어버린 시간들을 다시금 되찾는 기회가 될 것입니다.
지금 당장의 편리함이 향후 우리에게 독이 됨을 잊으면 안됩니다.
우리는 자연의 일부분일 뿐입니다.

reviewed by SJ

Using various Regenerative Design techniques, a heavily eroded, badly abused and decaying beach has been ecologically recovered and successfully transformed into an aethestically pleasing and well visited place, demonstrating landscape architects can professionally facilitate the initiatives of rebuilding a harmonious relationship between man and nature through ecological design.

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2 Project Narratives
The beach is located along the Bohai Sea shoreline of Qinhuangdao city, a touristic coastal city in North China’s Hebei Province, 6.4 kilometers in length and an area of 60 hectares. The whole site was in an environmentally and ecologically damaged condition. The costal sand dunes were heavy eroded, the costal vegetation was decaying and the beach was deserted and littered; Prior unwise development had destroyed the costal wetland and left it full of debris.
The intention of this project is to rehabilitate the damaged natural environment, restore and unveil to tourists and local residents the beauty of the site while transforming a former degraded beach into an ecologically healthy and aesthetically attractive landscape.
The whole site can be divided into three zones:

2.1 Zone-1: Erosion protection
This is basically a windy shoreline about 5 kilometers long, covered with coastal sand dunes and diverse plant communities which have adapted themselves to various site conditions; they include: wetland communities of cattail (Typha angustifolia), sand dunes grass communities, Amorpha shrub (Amorpha fruiticosa), Chinese Tamarisk (Tamarix chinensis) groves, forests of Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia). and willow (Salix matsudana).
For a long time, this shore line had been deserted, heavily eroded and littered, and almost inaccessible to tourists and local residents. The design solution has carefully arranged a boardwalk that winds along the shoreline, linking different patches of plant communities. This boardwalk not only allows visitors to experience the different plant communities on the way, but also acts as a soil conservation installation that protects the shoreline from the erosion caused by the ocean wind and weave.
Eco-friendly bases are designed using fiberglass that allows the boardwalk to “float” above the sand dunes and wetland. The fiberglass bases are specially prefabricated containers that can be filled with sand or be empty depending on the soil conditions. This innovative and now patented (by the landscape architect) techniques not only makes the process of boardwalk installation much easier in a natural environment than the conventional construction approach, which could be a harder task, but also make minimum impact to the environment.
Resting pavilions, shading structures and environmental interpretation systems are designed along the boardwalk that are carefully sited for the scenery, allowing to visualize the ecological meaning of the site and highlighting their panoramic beauty. These pavilions become attractive focal points for tourists and the local residents who come in groups to enjoy the landscape and recreate.

2.2 Zone-2: A Recovered Wetland
The central zone is where the new bird museum is built. It was a degraded coastal wetland as well, adjacent to an intertidal zone that had been listed as a national bird reserve. This site was an abandoned construction from a former theme park, which destroyed the coastal wetland habitats when built. The site was also covered with building debris and garbage.
Ecological recovery was a strong need, so the landscape architect searched for an idea which could be natural, social and economically sustainable: A Wetland Museum was built on this site as an education facility in association with the bird reserve beyond.
Inspired by the bubble-patterned water sinks along the intertidal zone, water holes are created in among the building debris to catch the rain water from the land that allow wetland plant and animal communities to get established, also attracting birds to forage.
The Wetland Museum is designed as an integral part of the landscape, stretching into the wetland, and inlets breeze from the ocean to cool off the hot summer and reduce the use of energy in the building. The interlocking pattern of the building and its environment was inspired by the local fishing boats anchoring in group off the shore, in an image against the wind and waves that keep the boats stable in the water.
A system of board walk and platform is built allowing people to walk from the building into the wetland and enjoy the newly created habitats and diverse species.

2.3 Zone-3: The Dotted Isles Lake and Eco-friendly Rip-Rap
This zone is at the very east end of the project. It was previously a park constituted by a heavy concrete embankment which was built to protect the shoreline from erosion and to create a lake by trapping the sea water during the high tide. This park was certainly not satisfying, neither in ecological or aesthetical terms. The concrete embankment was boring and barren and the Lake was empty and bounded by rigid concrete shoreline. The Regenerative Design strategies include demolishing the concrete and replacing it with ecologically friendly rip-rap. A boardwalk is built to replace the hard pavement, and native ground cover is introduced to green the surface alongside the board walk. In addition, 9 green islets are created in the middle of the lake to enrich the empty and boring water surface allowing birds to rest and nest.
The results of these ecological restoring designs are remarkably successful. The erosion of the shoreline has been effectively controlled, the degraded costal wetland has been restored successfully, the boring and ecologically dead concrete embankment has been ecologically rehabilitated; A continuous boardwalk links various coastal plant communities, giving tourists an unforgettable educational and aesthetic experience; the bird museum becomes an integral part of the coastal landscape that breaths with the ocean and acts as a focal point along the linear ecological and scenic beach. This project demonstrates how landscape architects can incorporate ecology, engineering, innovative technique and design elements into an effective regenerative operation on a damaged landscape, and transform the degraded man-nature relationship into a sustainable and harmonious one.

from  landezine